# Exponential and logarithmic functions

This section describes functions related to exponential and logarithmic calculations. All functions can be used in both the data load script and in chart expressions.

In the functions below, the parameters are expressions where x and y should be interpreted as real valued numbers.

[](https://help.qlik.com/en-US/cloud-services/Subsystems/Hub/Content/Sense_Hub/Scripting/ExponentialAndLogarithmicFunctions/exponential-logarithmic-functions.htm)

#### exp

The natural exponential function, e^x, using the natural logarithm e as base. The result is a positive number.

exp(x )

Examples and results:

`exp(3)` returns 20.085.

[](https://help.qlik.com/en-US/cloud-services/Subsystems/Hub/Content/Sense_Hub/Scripting/ExponentialAndLogarithmicFunctions/exponential-logarithmic-functions.htm)

#### log

The natural logarithm of x. The function is only defined if x> 0. The result is a number.

log(x )

Examples and results:

`log(3)` returns 1.0986

[](https://help.qlik.com/en-US/cloud-services/Subsystems/Hub/Content/Sense_Hub/Scripting/ExponentialAndLogarithmicFunctions/exponential-logarithmic-functions.htm)

#### log10

The common logarithm (base 10) of x. The function is only defined if x> 0. The result is a number.

log10(x )

Examples and results:

`log10(3)` returns 0.4771

[](https://help.qlik.com/en-US/cloud-services/Subsystems/Hub/Content/Sense_Hub/Scripting/ExponentialAndLogarithmicFunctions/exponential-logarithmic-functions.htm)

#### pow

Returns x to the power of y. The result is a number.

pow(x,y )

Examples and results:

`pow(3, 3)` returns 27

[](https://help.qlik.com/en-US/cloud-services/Subsystems/Hub/Content/Sense_Hub/Scripting/ExponentialAndLogarithmicFunctions/exponential-logarithmic-functions.htm)

#### sqr

x squared (x to the power of 2). The result is a number.

sqr (x )

Examples and results:

`sqr(3)` returns 9

[](https://help.qlik.com/en-US/cloud-services/Subsystems/Hub/Content/Sense_Hub/Scripting/ExponentialAndLogarithmicFunctions/exponential-logarithmic-functions.htm)

#### sqrt

Square root of x. The function is only defined if x >= 0. The result is a positive number.

sqrt(x )

Examples and results:

`sqrt(3)` returns 1.732